Ischemic heart disease is the advanced stage of coronary heart disease
Ischemic heart disease is the advanced stage of coronary heart disease. Ischemia is a condition in which the blood flow is restricted to a part of the body. Ischemic heart disease is the heart problems caused by narrowed heart arteries. When arteries are narrowed, less blood and oxygen reaches the heart muscle. This is called as coronary artery disease and this when untreated results in ischemic heart disease. When the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body, it also needs fresh blood to function. It is supplied by the coronary artery. If the artery walls thicken, the artery canals shrink, thus decreasing the amount of blood that can flow through them. This affects the blood supply to the heart. Prolonged thickening of the artery wall due to the deposition of cholesterol, or due to any other condition, the artery wall gets damaged and this leads to abnormal reaction of platelets and blood monocytes with the inner wall. With progressive narrowing of the coronary blood vessels, the heart itself fails to get enough oxygenated blood.
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There is a difference between coronary artery disease and ischemic heart disease. Ischemic heart disease is the result of coronary artery disease. The heart muscle becomes weak due to severe plaque build-up in the arteries and leads to heart attack. Sometimes, this can also damage a heart muscle. When the tissue is necrotic or dead. It will never pump again despite of the revascularization and medications. This is called ischemic heart disease. Whereas, mild plaque build-up in the arteries does not limit the flow of blood to the heart muscle. Coronary heart disease can be treated by angioplasty, stenting or even by surgery, but ischemic heart disease cannot be treated so.
Ischemic heart disease has the symptoms of angina, acute chest pain, heart failure. Shortness of breath, sweating, nausea fatigue, left arm pain is the other common symptoms of ischemic heart disease. Familial hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated blood homocystine level, low estrogen level, diabetes mellitus, smoking, elevated cholesterol, age more than 50 years old. Sex, and family history contributes to the risk factors of the ischemic heart disease
Antianginal drugs may be used to reduce the rate of occurrence and severity of attacks. Revascularization for acute coronary syndrome has significant mortality benefit. The diagnosis of ischemic heart disease underlying particular symptoms depends largely on the nature of the symptoms. The first investigation is an eclectocardiogram (EGC), both for stable and unstable angina and acute coronary syndrome. An X-ray of chest and blood tests may be performed. For high risk patients, surgery remains a very good option, with better results than old medical therapy. High risk includes unstable angina, ischemic heart disease, and acute coronary syndrome. Every patient ischemic heart syndrome requires an assessment of predisposing factors such as diet, smoking, and lack of exercise, with a search for the metabolic syndrome and diabetes. The long term objective of the treatment should be to first improve survival primarily by the prevention of myocardial infarction and death and second should be to improve the quality of life by relief of symptoms.
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